2022年四川省成都市中考考前选词和首字母填空22页

选词填空解析

要抓住两点：一是“放远”，二是“看近”。 

放远：通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次是十分重要的一  步。依据上下文，语境，眼光放远，从头到尾，根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推测： 要求考生在:  了解文章大意的基础上，联系上下文，进行比较、判断，找出符合短文的词义.

看近： 依据此句前后，眼光就近。判词性：动副、动宾、介宾、系形、短语动词、介词短语、结构。

基本步骤 ：先通览全文（确定时态）；然后再考虑词性，语意，搭配

解题必须考虑的因素：

   1) 词性1：  分清简单句、并列句、复合句，再分别对待。

（一）简单句：1：判断缺主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语哪一成分

:              2：哪些词性可以作这些成分，再根据所缺词的词义确定该词性的词。

（二）并列句（语法上互不依从的句子）：两个完整的句子中间缺词，考虑并列句方面。

1：选择并列联接词---__and_____, __but_____, __until___, __if____, __when____等。

2：复合句： 主要根据主句与从句的关系确定是哪一类复合句。 常考的复合句有：

3：宾语从句----__whatever___, __what___, __how___, ___who__, ___which__等；

4：定语从句----___that____, ___who_____, ___which______, ____whose_____,

5：状语从句---- 时间：__when___, _where__,__why___, __if___, __although___, __if 等;

 

条件：__unless/if_等;     原因：_why__等;       结果：__so that__, __so__ 等;

⑵ 词性2：

1；名词的修饰词可能是---___n______、___adj___、__to do 后置_____等。

2：形容词的修饰词可能是----___Adv_______。

3：形容词也属于修饰词----用来修饰adj__或__n__的，在句子中可作__表语__、_定语前:

4：动词的修饰词可能是----__adv____

5：副词属于修饰词----主要修饰__adj____、_adv_____、其他副词以及句子等。

 

固定搭配 : 习惯用法、固定搭配: not…but…不是…..而是….. , either…..or…

 

常见语法易错点：

1： one of +the+adj最高级+n复数。

2：to do 不定式表目的

3：（by提示词）表被动

4：（and,but,or并列句）：

（一）：词性---形容词，副词，名词可数不可数，保持一致

（二）：n词单复数

（三）：时态保持一致---最常考过去时

 

 

（第一篇）

短文填空： 从下面方框中选词, 将其正确形式填入短文, 使短文正确通顺(每词限用一次）。

 

one	devement	include	educational	conclude	many
make	discover	nation	science	award	much

National medals and honorary titles (荣誉称号)are usually awarded every five years. As a part of the celebration of the 70th anniversary (周年)of the founding of the People's Republic of China (PRC．), President Xi Jinping awarded 42 people the Medal of the Republic, the Friendship Medal and _1___honorary titles. They come from different backgrounds, __2__scientists, lawmakers, ___3__, artists, model workers and six non-Chinese people. All have made big contributions to the nation's construction and____4__. Here are some of the people we'll know.

Chinese scientist Tu Youyou is one of the eight who ___5__the Medal of the Republic. Tu, who won the 2015 Nobel Prize for her __6___of the malaria drug artemisinin (抗疟药物青蒿素),is the __7_Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She has saved millions of lives worldwide. She has also made important __8___innovations (创新)in traditional Chinese medicine.

Tu is not the only one who has given her life to the country's development. Nan Rendong, before his death in 2017, led the research and development of China's Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST, 500米口径球面斑电望远镜), the world's largest radio telescope. He worked on the project for _9___than 20 years. His contributions to Chinese astronomy earned him the title, “the people's scientist".

Thanks to the great efforts ___10__by these great people, we can live in a peaceful country.

答案：

1．national	2．including	3．educators	4．develop	5．were awarded
6．discovery	7．first	8．scientific	9．more	10．made